Although 99% of the ocean floor is unexplored, have people reached essentially the deepest spot in the ocean and returned safely to the surface?
Yes, but it was some while ago, in the 1960.
A turbidity current is: None of the above
The average width of the continental shelves is about ____ kilometers (____ miles). 67...(42)
4. . Submarine canyons occur:
Near the edges of ocean basins associated with continental shelves and slopes.
Which of these drawings best represents the cross-sectional shape of a typical
Ocean basin:
6. The continental shelf
Is a gently sloping platform with a variable landscape.
Which of the following statements accurately describes continental margins on the Pacific Coast?
They are areas of frequent earthquakes and volcanoes, where crustal plates are converging or are in collision.
8. The transition between the shelf and the deep seafloor is
The continental slope and rise
9. Submarine canyons are
All of these. (cut into the shelf and may extend almost to the shore)
10.The origin of deltas is related to:
River deposition of sediments eroded from continents.
11. The great heaps of unconsolidated sediment at the base of the continental slope are known as: the continental riseThe origin of submarine canyons is not well understood, but most likely
12.Is erosional, started by streams during periods of sea level lowering.
13. The trailing edge of a moving continental crustal plate is most likely to exhibit features associated with
passive continental margins
14. Active continental margins are located
on the west coasts of both North and South America.
15. The landscape of the seafloor would best be described as
Containing ridges, trenches, seamounts, and other features different from those found on land.
16. The characteristics of deep trenches indicate
They are elongated subduction-related creases in the oceanic crust.
17. The mid-ocean mountains, such as the ridges and rises,
Are constructed of volcanic basalt
18. The islands bordering the deep-sea trenches
Are explosive volcanoes that emit andesite lavas
19.The deepest parts of the Pacific Basin are located:
Near the margins of South America, Japan, and the Marianas Islands.
20. Hydrothermal springs seem to be located near
Active areas of seafloor spreading
21. Most of the future deep-ocean research being planned by oceanographers involves sending human pilots and observers to the greatest ocean depths in vehicles like Alvin, Trieste, and Shinkai-6500, False
22. In general, continental shelves tend to be wider in the
Atlantic ocean, because its margins tend to be passive.
23. An analysis of the sequential breaking of transatlantic telephone and telegraph cables led to a better understanding of
turbidity currents
24. hich is greater, the average height of the continents or the average depth of the ocean?
the average depth of the ocean
25 Which is greater, the height of the world's tallest mountain or the depth of the world's greatest trench?
the depth of the trench (Challenger Deep).
Exam 5
The oozes on the seafloor mostly consist of:
Microscopic hard parts of single-celled surface living organisms.
Which of the following metals is not usually found in manganese nodules:
uranium
Underlying the unconsolidated sediments of the seafloor are:
Basalt pillows and basement rocks.
Large volumes of bottom sediments may be transported long distances by
turbidity currents
Carbonate sediments are rare in deep sea sediments because:
The carbonate shells dissolve in deep water
Most of the floor of the North Pacific Ocean is covered with:
red and brown clays
The calcium sulfate and other substances found in the Mediterranean by Hsü and Ryan are classified as:
evaporites
8. Oozes. Biogenous sediments
The sediment that covers the greatest area of seabed
Biogenous sediments
10. The most abundant sediment in the ocean.
Terrigenous sediments
11. Generated in place, on the spot where we find them.
Hydrogenous (or authigenic) sediments
12. Of organic origin; i.e., made by organisms
Biogenous sediments
13.Arrive in the ocean from continents via rivers.
Terrigenous sediments
14. Of extraterrestrial origin.
Cosmogenous sediments
15.Can be used to learn about seabed age and history.
All of these
16. Sometimes are made of glass.
Cosmogenous sediments
17. In volume and quantity, most marine sediments are associated with
the continental slopes and rises
In the process of lithification, sediments:
are converted into solid rock.
19 . Select the finest particles in this list: clay
20.Scientists can derive information about __________ from observing deep ocean
cores: (All of the above.)
21. Very small particles sometimes fall surprisingly quickly from near the ocean surface to the seabed, thus avoiding being carried great lateral distances by currents. This is possible because
the particles are compressed in the fecal pellets of small marine animals
22. Paleoceanography is the study of the ocean's past
23. The oldest ocean floor sediments are about
160 million years old
24. The oldest sediments are comparatively young because:
The ocean floor is recycled through plate tectonics, dragging the oldest sediments into the mantle at subduction zones.
25. Sediments produced from the skeletal remains of Diatoms and Radiolaria are _____.
siliceous
Test 6
The hydrogen bonds of water molecules account for which of the following?
All of these are relevant.
The property of water that allows certain insects to walk on the surface is called
surface tension
The ocean is slow to heat and slow to cool. This is related to a property of water known as
High heat capacity
The transmission of sound by water can best be described by which of the following statements:
It is more efficient than transmission by air
5. The ocean is stratified with respect to all of the above
6. Most of the world ocean has the temperature properties of
The deep and bottom waters
7. Most of the world ocean has the temperature properties of
when the salinity increases
The property of water that accounts for the ability of liquid water to absorb heat and change only very little in temperature is called:
Specific heat, or heat capacity
If our planet were without its ocean, but otherwise the same as it is today, would surface temperatures be more extreme than they are now (that is, higher high temperatures in summer, and lower low temperatures in winter), of less extreme, or what?
more extreme
The ocean's deep sound channel (sofar layer) is characterized as a zone in which:
(All of these statements apply)
The depth to which light can penetrate the ocean depends on:
All of these statements apply.)
The wavelengths of light that penetrate deepest into the ocean are:
green and blue.
The densest seawater is the:
Coldest and saltiest
14 . The ocean tends to become more dense with increasing depth: TRUE
15. A zone in which the ocean's salinity increases rapidly with increasing depth is
called: a halocline
16. Seawater freezes ____________ fresh water
at a lower temperature than
17. The main carrier of heat between the warm tropics and the cold polar regions is
the atmosphere
18. The most pronounced thermoclines exist in:
the tropics
19. About what percent of ocean water is contained in the "deep zone"
beneath the pycnocline? 80%
20. The upper sunlit layer of the ocean is called __________ and extends to a depth of about ____________ :
the photic zone ... 100 meters
21. The speed of sound in water is ____________ the speed of sound in air
greater than
22. Active sonar differs from passive sonar in that active sonar:
Uses sound to probe as well as listen
